FOOD: WHERE IT COMES FROM CHAPTER 1 CLASS 6 (C.B.S.E.)

           FOOD: WHERE IT COMES FROM     CHAPTER 1      CLASS 6 (C.B.S.E.)

INTRODUCTION-Food is the basic need of humans. Every living organism including humans requires food to stay alive. Those substances from which an organism gets energy and materials for growth, development, repair and maintenance of life are called food. We get food from plants and animals.

India is known for its’ diversity of foods. The nature of food depends on geographical location, climatic factors, locally available ingredients, needs and taste. All most all Indian cuisine is prepared in such a way that all the essential nutrients can be obtained from it. Various kinds of spices are used in Indian foods. Vegetarian and non-vegetarian foods are available. Wheat flour based foods in western India; Rice based foods in eastern and southern India, and mixed type of foods are preferred in central India. Roti, Dal, Rice, Vegetables, salad, milk products, pickles etc are north Indian foods. Idli, Dosa, Sambhar, Vada, Uttapam etc are south Indian food dishes.

Tomato

Capsicum

INGREDIANTS – The substances which are required to prepare a food item are called its’ ingredients. e.g.-

S.N	FOOD ITEM	INGREDIENTS
1	Dal	Pulses, Water, Salt, Spices, Butter or Oil
2	Chicken Curry	Chicken, Butter or oil, spices, onion, garlic, chili, water

FOOD VARIETY- The plant based foods and animal based food are eaten by animals including humans. The people who eat plant based food are called vegetarians while those who eat animal based food are called non-vegetarians.

Vegetarian foods may include Rice, flour, pulses, pickles, vegetables, fruits, oil, butter, mushrooms, honey, milk products, sprouted seeds etc. e.g.-Elephants, Buffalo, Cow, Bees, butterflies etc

Non-vegetarian food must have fish, egg, prawn, oyster, chicken (meat of chicken), mutton (meat of goat) , pork (meat of pig),  beef (meat of cattle) etc. e.g.-Tiger, Lion, Crocodile, Snakes etc.

 Note-Vegans are vegetarians who do not take milk and milk products because they are of animal origin.

SOURCES OF FOOD-We get various kinds of foods from plants and animals. We eat roots, stems, leaves, flower, fruits and seeds. Cereals and pulses are the seeds of plants.

S.N.	PLANT PART	EXAMPLES
1	Roots	Radish, Carrot, Turmeric, Ginger,
2	Stems	Potato, Pumpkin
3	Leaves	Spinach, Onion
4	Flowers	Cauliflower, Banana, Pumpkin flower
5	Fruits	Tomato, Vegetables, Oranges, Mango, Lemon
6	Seeds	Rice, Wheat, Mustard, Maize(Corn), Pulses,

Tea and coffee are beverages obtained from plants. Ayurvedic medicines, homeopathic medicines and most of the allopathic medicines are prepared from plant products. Honey bees collect the sweet juice of the flowers called ‘nectar’ and convert into honey in heir beehive. Milk, Curd, Ghee, Butter, Paneer, meat, eggs, fish, prawns etc are animal products.

Honeybees forming their Beehive

                       

Maize (Corn)

                                                          

Brinjal

Pineapple

SPROUTED SEEDS- Those seeds which germinate to form a small white structure are called sprouted seeds. The sprout is a white structure. On proper condition s of germination the seeds grows. Sprouted seeds are rich in protein and Vitamins. Vitamin H or Biotin is found in such sprouted seeds. For formation of sprouts the soaking of seeds in limited normal water is sufficient.
                     The boiled seeds do not form sprout to germinate because of destroying of cells of seeds and inactivation of their enzymes.

                       










TYPES OF ANIMALS- On the basis of eating habits the animals can be classified into following three types-

1    1.Herbivorous animals or Herbivore- Those animals that eat plants and plant products are called herbivores. e.g.- Cow, Goat, buffaloes, sheeps, elephants, etc. The broad incisors and molar teeth help in cutting and grazing in animals.  

    2.Carnivorous animals or carnivores- Those animals which eat flesh of other animals are called carnivores. e.g.- Lions, Tigers, hyenas, etc. Carnivores have long sharp canines and claws for tearing the flesh.

Vultures, Kites, Crow, Jackals and Hyenas eat dead bodies of animals; they are commonly called as scavengers.

3.Omnivorous animals or Omnivores- Those animals which eat both plant as well as animal based foods are called omnivores. e.g.-  Humans, Crow, Bear, Dog, Cat etc. 

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

Q.1 What is nectar?

Q.2 What are the ingredients of Brinjal curry?

Q.3 Potato is a root or stem?

Q.4 What are three examples of food we eat from leaves of few plants?

Q.5 What are types of animals on the basis of their food habits? Write one example of each type.

 ACTIVITY –Collect the spices used in different parts of India. Write their local name and English name.

                                               NCERT EXERCISE QUESTIONS –SOLVED

Q.1 Do you find that all living beings need the same kind of food?

Ans- No, different animals have different food habits. Some animals may be herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, scavengers as well as parasites.

Q.2 Match the items given in column A with that in column B

                      Column A                                                                           Column B

(i)                  Milk , Curd, Paneer, Ghee                                  (a) eat  other animals

(ii)                Spinach, Cauliflower, Carrot                              (b) eat plants and plant products

(iii)               Lions and tigers                                                  (c) are vegetables

(iv)              Herbivores                                                           (d) are all animal products

Ans- (i) –d                     (ii)- c                  (iii) – a              (iv) – b

Q.3 Name five plants and their parts that we eat.

Ans-

S.N.	Plant	Plant part that we eat
1	Rice (Paddy)	Seeds
2	Carrot	Root
3	Potato	Stem
4	Spinach	Leaves
5	Brinjal	Fruit

Q.4 Fill up the blanks with the words given- herbivore, plant, milk, sugarcane, carnivore

       (a) Tiger is a …………………….because it eats only meat.

       (b) Deer eats only plant products and so, is called ……………………

       (c) Parrot eats only ……………………… products.

       (d) The ………that we drink,which comes from cows,buffaloes and goats is an animal product.

       (e) We get sugar from …………………….

Ans- (a) carnivore           (b) herbivore              (c) plant               (d) milk          (e) sugarcane   

                                                                      Thanks